Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring a balanced budget for the Federal Government.

On March 18, 2026, H.J. Res. 139, a joint resolution proposing a Constitutional amendment to require a balanced federal budget, failed to pass the House of Representatives. The resolution required a two-thirds vote for passage, which it did not achieve. This bill, sponsored by Rep. Biggs of Arizona, aimed to limit total federal expenditures for a year to the average annual federal receipts collected in the three prior years, adjusted for population and inflation. It also included provisions requiring a two-thirds vote in each chamber for specific expenditures exceeding the limit or for any new tax or tax rate increase. The bill did not authorize or appropriate any specific funding. Instead, it proposed a fundamental change to the federal budgeting process that would have imposed strict limits on future federal spending. Had it passed and been ratified, it would have mandated a significant reduction in federal outlays across all government functions. This would have directly impacted all sectors that receive federal funding or rely on federal contracts, including defense, healthcare, and various technology and manufacturing sectors that engage with the government. The failure of HJRES139 to pass means that the federal government's ability to spend is not immediately constrained by a constitutional balanced budget requirement. This outcome prevents the immediate fiscal rigidity that would have been imposed by the amendment. Companies heavily reliant on federal contracts, such as defense contractors Lockheed Martin Corporation ($LMT), RTX Corporation ($RTX), General Dynamics Corporation ($GD), and The Boeing Company ($BA), avoid the immediate threat of mandated spending cuts. Similarly, healthcare providers and insurers like UnitedHealth Group Incorporated ($UNH) and CVS Health Corporation ($CVS), which interact extensively with federal programs, are not facing the immediate prospect of across-the-board reductions. Technology companies like Microsoft Corporation ($MSFT) and Amazon.com, Inc. ($AMZN), and industrial companies like Caterpillar Inc. ($CAT) that have federal contracts or rely on government-funded projects, also avoid this potential headwind. Following the failure of the bill on March 18, 2026, the market data for the past 7 days shows positive movement for many of these companies. Lockheed Martin Corporation ($LMT) is up +6.57%, RTX Corporation ($RTX) is up +6.02%, General Dynamics Corporation ($GD) is up +3.11%, and The Boeing Company ($BA) is up +12.2%. UnitedHealth Group Incorporated ($UNH) is up +7.48% and CVS Health Corporation ($CVS) is up +4.48%. Technology and industrial firms also show gains: Amazon.com, Inc. ($AMZN) is up +5.89%, Microsoft Corporation ($MSFT) is up +3.88%, Alphabet Inc. ($GOOGL) is up +9.69%, and Caterpillar Inc. ($CAT) is up +8.06%. These recent gains suggest that the market has not reacted negatively to the bill's failure, and in some cases, may have responded positively to the removal of the uncertainty associated with potential drastic spending cuts. The bill's status is 'Active' but its failure to pass the House on March 18, 2026, effectively halts its progress as a Constitutional amendment.