HillSignal
$XOMListed company

Exxon

Its government footprint in one place: federal money, influence and market activity, each row linked to its source. Federal figures gathered Oct 25, 2026.

In plain words

It appears on 163 Senate lobbying filings from 2015 to 2026; 54 of the lobbyists on them once held government posts. In the last 12 months insiders sold 4 times ($1.7M) and bought 0 times ($0).

Written by fixed rules from the figures on this page. No opinion, no prediction.

Federal obligations, 12 months
—
No revenue comparison
See the money
Contracts ending in 18 months
0
None in our records
See the list
Lobbying filings
163
54 lobbyists held government posts
See who
Insider trades, 12 months
4 sold · 0 bought
Open-market buys and sells
See the trades

Government money
ⓘObligations: money an agency has formally committed to pay under a contract. Not the same as money already paid, and not revenue.

SEC revenue and federal obligations

SEC revenue, 12 months to —
Not available
Federal contract obligations, same 12 months
—
Contract obligations vs revenue
—
No SEC revenue on file: companies that file a foreign annual report instead of a 10-K show federal money but no comparison yet.
A guide, not a revenue split. Subcontracts and classified work are not included: see the note below.
Contracts obligated, federal fiscal yearCompany revenue, its fiscal year ending in that year (10-K)
  • FY2026
    Oct 2025 to Sep 2026
    $13.1M · grants -$623.6M
    Revenue for this year not on file
  • FY2025
    Oct 2024 to Sep 2025
    $15.5M · grants $663.8M
    Revenue for this year not on file
  • FY2024
    Oct 2023 to Sep 2024
    $167.1M
    Revenue for this year not on file
  • FY2023
    Oct 2022 to Sep 2023
    $165.8M
    Revenue for this year not on file
  • FY2022
    Oct 2021 to Sep 2022
    $70.8M
    Revenue for this year not on file
What these numbers are

Obligated means an agency committed the money to this company in that period (a signed contract action), as reported to USAspending. It is not a payment and not revenue: a contract can be funded for several years at once, and revenue is booked as the work is done. Some years can exceed revenue for that reason.

Prime contracts only, and only what is published. Work the company does as a subcontractor is not in these figures, and classified contracts are not published on USAspending at all. A low share can mean either. Contract values, ceilings and options are never added in.

Which units count: the USAspending recipient that is the company's SEC registrant; units of the company that USAspending's own records place under it (as parent, or in its family tree); and subsidiaries from the company's SEC Exhibit 21 that carry its name. Joint ventures, units now owned by someone else, and records that only share a name are held back. Both lists are below.

Earlier years count the units the company owns today. A unit we checked by hand (its USAspending parent is out of date) counts from the date the company bought it, or, where no filing gives that date, from the first date a filing shows the company owning it. Other units count for every year shown until their purchase dates are loaded.

Revenue bars are the company's own fiscal year from its 10-K, placed in the federal year it ends in; its fiscal year can end in a different month than the government's.

Fiscal year 2022 onward. Federal fiscal years run October to September; the company's own fiscal year may differ.

Units counted (10), held back (4)

Held back: a matching name we could not tie to this company firmly enough. A miss is better than a wrong link.

  • EXXON (an old record with no UEI whose name is not exactly the company's SEC name)
  • EXXON (an old record with no UEI whose name is not exactly the company's SEC name)
  • EXXONMOBIL (an old record with no UEI whose name is not exactly the company's SEC name)
  • EXXON MOBIL (an old record with no UEI whose name is not exactly the company's SEC name)

Top agencies, contracts obligated in FY2026

  • Department of Defense$13.1M

Largest contracts active in the last 12 months

Amount: obligated to date on the contract, all years. Ranked by that amount among contracts with any action in the last 12 months. Counts only consolidated subsidiaries.

Contracts ending in the next 18 months

None in the contracts we hold for this company.

Amount: obligated to date. From the contracts in HillSignal's records tied to this ticker; the full list of contracts ending across government is on Recompetes.

Influence

Revolving door: 54 lobbyists on its filings held government posts

Every post as the lobbyist listed it on the company's Senate LDA filings, one per line.

  • Tyler Brian Nelsonlast filed 2026 · 12 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Chief of Staff House Member Office, Deputy Chief of Staff House Member Office, District Director (Olson)
  • Michael Goodmanlast filed 2026 · 12 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Chief of Staff House Member Office (Kind), Legislative Staff House Member Office (Braley, Barrow)
  • Christopher Hodgsonlast filed 2026 · 12 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Legislative Assistant (Scalise), Floor Assistant & Deputy Floor Director for House Majority Whip (Scalise), Deputy Director & Director of Legislative Affairs (Pence)
  • Jay Sulzmannlast filed 2026 · 10 filings
    Penn Avenue Partners
    • Legislative Director/Health Policy Advisor, Sen. Johnny Isakson
    • Sr. Policy Advisor/LA/LC/SA, Rep. Wally Herger
See all 54
  • Timothy Farrell Hanneganlast filed 2026 · 10 filings
    Penn Avenue Partners
    • U.S. General Accounting Office
  • Jerr Rosenbaumlast filed 2026 · 10 filings
    Penn Avenue Partners
    • Legislative Director, Sen. John Cornyn
    • Chief of Staff, Rep. Robert Hurt
    • Chief of Staff, Rep. Jack Kingston
    • Chief of Staff, Rep. Virgil Goode
  • David Planninglast filed 2026 · 7 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Floor Dir, House Maj Whip
    • Staff Dir, House Smll Biz Cmte
    • Spec. Asst to Pres/Leg Affairs, Exec Office of Pres
    • Dep. Dir Coalitions&Mmbr Services, House Financial Cmte
    • Floor Asst, House Maj Whip
    • Spec. Asst, House Chf Dep. Whip
    • Staff Asst, Speaker
  • Colleen Kaveney Mosslast filed 2026 · 7 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Legislative Correspondent, Staff Assistant, Senator Roy Blunt
  • Jorge Castrolast filed 2026 · 5 filings
    Cm Strategic, LLC, Miller & Chevalier, Chtd
    • Counselor to the IRS Commissioner
    • Tax & Trade Counsel, Rep. Stephanie Tubbs Jones
    • Senior Counsel, Sen. John D. Rockefeller IV
  • Ted Mccannlast filed 2026 · 3 filings
    Cm Strategic, LLC
    • Senior Policy Advisor, Speaker Paul Ryan. Subcommittee Staff Director, Ways and Means Committee. Budget Analyst, Budget Committee. Legislative Assistant, Legislative Correspondent, Office Administrator, Congressman Paul Ryan
  • Iyanla Kollocklast filed 2026 · 1 filing
    Empire Consulting Group
    • L.D. & Policy Adviser, Rep. Shomari Figures. L.A., Rep. Nikema Williams. L.A. Rep. Glenn Ivey. L.C./Staff Assist., Rep. Emanuel Cleaver. Intern, Rep. Jim Clyburn. Intern, Rep. Mikie Sherrill. Intern, Rep. Donald Norcross
  • Jonathan Blumlast filed 2026 · 1 filing
    Venture Government Strategies, LLC (Fka Hobart Hallaway & Quayle Ventures, LLC)
    • Principal Deputy Asst Secretary, Treasury Dept
    • Economic Policy Adv, Sen. T. Young
    • Deputy Asst Secretary, Treasury Dept
    • Sr Policy Adv, Sr Professional Staff, Professional Staff, House Financial Services Committee
    • Leg. Correspondent, Sen. D. Heller
  • Kyle Nevinslast filed 2025 · 7 filings
    Harbinger Strategies, LLC
    • Deputy Chief of Staff, House Majority Leader 11-13
    • Floor Director, Rep. Eric Cantor 09-10
    • Floor Director, Rep. Roy Blunt 07-08
    • Floor Assistant, Rep. Roy Blunt 03-06
  • Manny Rossmanlast filed 2025 · 7 filings
    Harbinger Strategies, LLC
    • Chief of Staff, Office of the Senate Republican Whip 07-09
    • Senior Policy Advisor, Office of Sen. Trent Lott 05-06
    • Legislative Director, Rep. Phil Crane 03-04
    • Legislative Assistant, Rep. Phil Crane 01-02
  • Steve Stombreslast filed 2025 · 7 filings
    Harbinger Strategies, LLC
    • Chief of Staff, Office of the Majority Leader 10-14
    • Chief of Staff, Office of the Minority Whip 08-09
    • Chief of Staff, Office of the Chief Deputy Majority Whip04-07
    • Chief of Staff, Congressman Eric Cantor 01-03
  • Jonathan Slemrodlast filed 2025 · 7 filings
    Harbinger Strategies, LLC
    • Associate Director, Legislative Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, '17-'18, Policy Advisor, Office of the Sen. Republican Whip, '12-'17, Legislative Assistant, Sen. Marco Rubio '11-'12
  • John Leganskilast filed 2025 · 5 filings
    Harbinger Strategies, LLC
    • Chief Dep., Speaker Off. '23
    • Chief Dep., Min. Leader Off. '22
    • Floor Dir., Min. Leader Off. '19-'21
    • Floor Dir., Maj. Leader Off. '17-'19
    • Dep. Floor Dir., Maj. Leader Off. '16
    • Floor Assist. Maj. Leader Off. '14-'15
    • Floor Assist. Maj. Whip Off.'13
  • Lauren Ann Reamylast filed 2025 · 2 filings
    Penn Avenue Partners
    • Deputy Chief of Staff/Legislative Director/Legislative Assistant, Senator Marco Rubio
    • Professional Staff Member/Staff Assistant, Senate Judiciary Committee
  • Jacob Hochberglast filed 2025 · 1 filing
    Venture Government Strategies, LLC (Fka Hobart Hallaway & Quayle Ventures, LLC)
    • Sr Adviser, Rep. Tony Cardenas
    • COS, Rep. Jasmine Crockett
    • COS, Sr Leg. Asst: Rep. Henry Cuellar
    • Associate, House Approps Homeland Security Subcommittee
    • Leg. Director, Rep. R. Krishnamoorthi
    • Leg. Asst, Leg. Aide, LC, Staff Asst: Rep. N. Velazquez
  • Michael Burleylast filed 2025 · 1 filing
    Rubin, Turnbull & Associates
    • Regional Administrator, White House Liaison, Deputy White House Liaison at U.S. Dept. of Housing & Urban Development
    • Deputy Assistant to the President, Deputy Director of Presidential Personnel at White House EOP
  • Lauren Soltani Rubinlast filed 2025 · 1 filing
    Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld
    • Legislative Director and Counsel, Rep. Suzan DelBene, January 2015-January 2019
  • Michael Hayeslast filed 2025 · 1 filing
    Empire Consulting Group
    • Deputy Director, Office of Public Engagement, The White House
    • Director, National Security Council, The White House
    • U.S. Diplomat, Department of State
    • Legislative Fellow, U.S. House of Representatives
  • Meredith Joneslast filed 2025 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • Legislative Assistant -Senator Ben Sasse (11/2019-10/2022)
    • Staff Assistant - Senator Ted Cruz (01/2019 - 11/2019)
  • Stephen Thomas Voljaveclast filed 2025 · 1 filing
    Crossroads Strategies, LLC
    • Legislative Director, Rep. Vern Buchanan
    • Legislative Assistant, Senator Marsha Blackburn
  • Sarah Venutolast filed 2024 · 5 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Senior Advisor(Manchin)
    • Counsel, Comm Energy & Natural Resources Chief Counsel
    • Chief Counsel (Manchin)
    • Staff Director, Comm on Energy & Natural Resources
    • Director, Office of External Affairs, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
  • Christopher Sarleylast filed 2024 · 5 filings
    Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc.
    • Policy Coordinator, House Energy & Commerce Committee
    • Policy Director, Sr Legis Asst, House Member Office (Shimkus)
    • Sr Legis Asst, Legislative Assistant, Legislative Correspondent, Staff Assistant, House Member Office (Hastert)
  • Hunter Moorheadlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Crossroads Strategies, LLC
    • Policy Advisor, Sen. Thad Cochran
    • Special Asst to the President, WH National Economic Council
    • Professional Staff, Senate Approps Committee
    • Legislative Asst, Sen. Cochran
    • Subcommittee Staff Director/ Legislative Asst, House Agriculture Committee
  • E. Brandon Garrettlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Empire Consulting Group
    • Chief of Staff-Rep. Robin Kelly
    • Policy Dir.-Political Advisor to VP Joseph Biden for 2012 Obama/Biden Campaign
    • Policy Dir.-Cong. Black Caucus/Rep. Emanuel Cleaver II
    • Leg. Dir.-Rep. Marcia Fudge
    • and Leg. Asst.-Rep. Wm. Jefferson
  • Mike Mckaylast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Empire Consulting Group
    • Sr. Advisor, Rep. Gregory Meeks
  • Mike P Mullenlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Empire Consulting Group
    • Sr. Advisor, Rep. Mike Doyle
    • and Sr. Legislative Assistant, Rep. Jim Turner
  • Peter Robertsonlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Salim Alameddinlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Crossroads Strategies, LLC
    • Legislative Asst/Legislative Aide, Rep. Will Hurd
    • Legislative Correspondent/Staff Asst, Sen. John Cornyn
  • Scott Brennerlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Crossroads Strategies, LLC
    • Chief of External Affairs, Sci & Tech Dir, DHS
    • Assoc Administrator External Affairs, NHTSA
    • Assoc Administrator Public Affairs, FAA
    • Director of Communications, House Transportation & Infrastructure Committee
  • Chris J Millerlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Crossroads Strategies, LLC
    • Chief of Staff/Legislative Director, Rep. Dave Reichert
    • Senior Legislative Asst, Rep. Gary Miller
    • Legislative Asst, Rep. Jennifer Dunn
    • LC, Sen. Tim Hutchinson
    • Staff Asst, Sen. Gordon Smith
  • Wally Burnettlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Crossroads Strategies, LLC
    • Clerk, Senate Appropriations Committee
  • Whitney Wallacelast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Brian Greerlast filed 2024 · 1 filing
    Empire Consulting Group
    • Prof. Staff-House Armed Services Comm
    • Military Leg Asst.- Sen. Charles Schumer
    • Spec Asst.-Off. of Sec. of Defense
    • Military Leg Asst.- Rep. John Boccieri
    • Military Leg Asst.-Rep. Parker Griffith
    • Leg Asst., Staff Asst. & Leg Corr.-Rep. David Scott
  • John J O'Neill Jrlast filed 2023 · 2 filings
    Harbinger Strategies, LLC
    • Policy Director/Counsel, Senate Minority Whip 04-06
    • Tax Counsel, Senate Finance Committee 07
  • William Dunhamlast filed 2023 · 1 filing
    Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP
    • Dep CoS Policy-Ldr Kevin McCarthy
    • Policy Dir-McCarthy
    • Exec Dir-R Study Comm
    • Sr Policy Advisor-R Study Comm
    • Sr Leg. Asst-Rep Tom McClintock
    • Leg Asst-Rep Tom McClintock
    • Leg Cor-Rep Tom McClintock
  • Filemon Velalast filed 2023 · 1 filing
    Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld
    • Mbr of Cong, 2013-2022
  • Kenneth Freemanlast filed 2020 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Jane Maraist Joneslast filed 2019 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Ed A. Colemanlast filed 2018 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Gantt Waltonlast filed 2017 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Jennifer D Linkerlast filed 2017 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • None
  • Susan E Carterlast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Theresa M Fariellolast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Robert M Nolanlast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Tim C Raymondlast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Jeanne Mitchelllast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Keith Whitney Mccoylast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Karen Matusiclast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Michael Romanlast filed 2015 · 2 filings
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • N/A
  • Daniel Easleylast filed 2015 · 1 filing
    Exxon Mobil Corp
    • Staffer, Rep. Nick Lampson
    • Counsel, House Science Committee
    • Counsel, Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee

Foreign agents (FARA)
ⓘFARA (Foreign Agents Registration Act): people who work in the US for a foreign government, party or company must register and report what they do and what they are paid.

Lobbying firms working for this company also represent these foreign principals. These are separate engagements: the firm's foreign work is not done for this company.

  • Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP · latest FARA filing, Sep 30, 2026lobbied for this company to 2024

    Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP lobbies the federal government for Exxon: 4 filings, 2023 to 2024, on taxation/internal revenue code and trade (domestic/foreign) (for example, “Issues related to corporate tax, international tax, energy tax Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 implementation”). Separately, it is registered as an agent of 8 foreign principals. No amount is stated in its latest six-month FARA report (to Feb 28, 2023).

    Agents registered at this firm, not necessarily assigned to this specific client: Chloe Anne Kenney, Marc S. Lampkin, John Barton Reising, James G. Flood, Robert Bole, Andrew Usyk

  • Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, LLP · latest FARA filing, Oct 21, 2026lobbied for this company to 2026

    Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, LLP lobbies the federal government for Exxon: 12 filings, 2023 to 2026, on taxation/internal revenue code (for example, “Issues related to corporate and energy tax policy.”). Separately, it is registered as an agent of 4 foreign principals. In its latest six-month FARA report (to Jun 30, 2025) it reported $6,322,192 received from foreign principals.

    • Promotora de Comercio Exterior de Costa Rica (PROCOMER) for the benefit of the Ministry of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica (COMEX) · Costa Rica$60,000 a monthagreement filed Sep 18, 2025
    • Government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands · Marshall Islandspay not stated in the agreementfiled Jul 30, 2020
    • Embassy of the United Arab Emirates · United Arab Emiratespay not stated in the agreementfiled May 22, 2009
    • Embassy of Japan · Japan$50,000 a yearagreement filed May 25, 2021

    Agents registered at this firm, not necessarily assigned to this specific client: Shiva Aminian, Christopher Armstrong Treanor, Thomas Krueger, Lamar Smith, Scott Parven, Stephen Kho

  • Cornerstone Government Affairs · latest FARA filing, Sep 17, 2026lobbied for this company to 2026

    Cornerstone Government Affairs lobbies the federal government for Exxon: 12 filings, 2023 to 2026, on energy/nuclear and taxation/internal revenue code (for example, “Congressional outreach on low carbon policies.”). Separately, it is registered as an agent of 3 foreign principals. In its latest six-month FARA report (to Jan 31, 2026) it reported $54 received from foreign principals.

    Agents registered at this firm, not necessarily assigned to this specific client: Adam Marrs Yezerski, John Tyler Dickerson, Paul DiNino, Peter Webster, Christopher Michael Hodgson, David Mark Planning

  • Steptoe LLP · latest FARA filing, Apr 30, 2026lobbied for this company to 2025

    Steptoe LLP lobbies the federal government for Exxon: 2 filings, 2025, on foreign relations (for example, “Interpretation of Title III of PL 104-114”). Separately, it is registered as an agent of 1 foreign principal. In its latest six-month FARA report (to Mar 31, 2026) it reported $300,305 received from foreign principals.

    Agents registered at this firm, not necessarily assigned to this specific client: Ian Cameron, Elton Smole, Zayna Dembinski, Thomas Goldstein, Matthew Flynn, Anni Coonan

Lobbying

163 filings, 2015 to 2026. Paid lobbying firms $3.7M. In-house lobbying spend $88.9M.

Firms: Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld, Avenue Solutions, Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck, LLP, Cm Strategic, LLC, Cornerstone Government Affairs, Inc., Crossroads Strategies, LLC and 4 more

Issues: Agriculture, Animals, Aviation/Airlines/Airports, Banking, Budget/Appropriations, Chemicals/Chemical Industry, Clean Air and Water (quality), Computer Industry

Contacted: Senate, House Of Representatives, Treasury, Dept Of, White House Office, Interior, Dept Of (Doi), Environmental Protection Agency (Epa), Energy, Dept Of, Commerce, Dept Of (Doc)

From the company's Senate LDA filings. Firm fees and in-house spend are reported on different filings, so they are shown apart. Lobbying is legal and common; it shows what the company paid to be heard on, not what it got.

PAC giving

Exxon Mobil Corporation Political Action Committee (Exxonmobil Pac)
  • Vicente Gonzalez House, TX$30K
  • August Lee Pfluger House, TX$25K
  • Bruce Westerman House, AR$25K
  • Bradley S. Schneider House, IL$17K
  • Terri A. Sewell House, AL$16K
  • Garret Graves House, LA$10K
  • Josh Gottheimer House, NJ$8K
  • Thom Tillis Senate, NC$8K

The company's own PAC (linked by the connected organization on its FEC Form 1). Top candidates it gave to, all cycles we hold, from the candidates' own FEC reports; tracked candidates only, so not a complete total.

Market
ⓘA 10b5-1 plan is a trading schedule an insider sets up in advance, so sales under it say less about the insider’s view.

Insider trades

Bought, last 12 months
$0
0 trades
Sold, last 12 months
$1.7M
4 trades
Sells under a 10b5-1 plan
—
No sell filing with the plan box read yet; 4 not read yet
Largest trade
$699K
Sold by Talley Darrin L, Feb 2, 2026
  • Talley Darrin L VP - Corp Strategic PlanningSold $168K · Mar 16, 2026
  • Talley Darrin L VP - Corp Strategic PlanningSold $339K · Mar 2, 2026
  • Talley Darrin L VP - Corp Strategic PlanningSold $482K · Feb 9, 2026
  • Talley Darrin L VP - Corp Strategic PlanningSold $699K · Feb 2, 2026

Open-market buys and sells from SEC Form 4 filings; grants and option exercises left out, and trades whose filed price failed our market check. A 10b5-1 plan is a trading schedule set in advance, so those sells say little about the insider's view. The plan box is on filings from April 2023 on.

Members of Congress who traded it

Fund holders with contract wins (13F)
ⓘ13F: a quarterly SEC filing in which large investment managers list the US stocks they hold, filed up to 45 days after the quarter.

None found.

People and connections

Key people

  • Talley Darrin LVP - Corp Strategic Planning
  • KANDARIAN STEVEN ADirector
  • HARRIS JOHN DDirector
  • Braly Angela FDirector
  • Garland Greg CDirector
  • Angelakis Michael JDirector
  • Powell Dina HDirector
  • Dreyfus Maria SDirector
  • Hietala KaisaDirector
  • Karsner AlexanderDirector
  • KELLNER LAWRENCE WDirector
  • HOOLEY JOSEPH LDirector

Connections

Connections to other companies, executives and members of Congress, from disclosed trades, shared officers and public filings, are part of Pro. See Pro

Activity

Every record that names this company by ticker, newest first: awards, bills, executive actions, SEC filings, news, private raises and patents.

Sources and limits

USAspending (prime contracts only; no subcontracts or classified work; defense contracts can arrive up to 90 days after signing), SEC EDGAR, Senate LDA, FEC, House and Senate disclosures, the Federal Register and the White House. Companies are tied to records by exact name, a verified alias or a subsidiary in the company's own Exhibit 21; a miss is better than a wrong link. A shared date is not proof of cause, and nothing here is investment advice.